Kupita patsogolo kwakhala kasupe wapafupi ndi njira ku Taiwan zowonadi. Iwonso yakhala chifukwa chachikulu kwa mabungwe aku US, akatswiri azachuma, ndi boma kuti athandizire kusintha kwa zinthu ku Taiwan pomwe akukulira kulumikizana kothandiza kwambiri.
Komabe, zinthu ziwirizi — mwayi wopita patsogolo ku Taiwan komanso kuthekera kophatikizana zidakula, zovuta zoyanjanitsidwa zoyeserera - zimakumana ndi zovuta.
Munthawi yama 1980s ndi 1990s, zoyeserera zothandizirana pakati pa Silicon Valley ndi chigawo chachikulu cha Hsinchu-Taipei zidalimbikitsa zinthu zatsopano ndikupanga mabizinesi azikhalidwe ndi ma PC ku Taiwan. Munthawi yama 2000, mulimonsemo, malo opangira zinthu zatsopano ku Taiwan adakumba PC, magawo ake, ndikupanga kwama foni kudutsa Taiwan Strait kupita ku China. Lero, Unduna wa Zachuma (MOEA) kafukufuku wapachaka wawonetsa kuti zopitilira 80% zama data aku Taiwan ndi makalata opanga zinthu (ICT) ndizabodza ku China.
Mwachidziwikire, malo opita patsogolo ku Taiwan akhala akumenya nkhondo yolimbikitsa makampani omwe abwera posachedwa kuti atenge zovuta izi pakupanga zida za ma hardware-mwachitsanzo, mu mapulogalamu, chitetezo cha PC, zidziwitso, tchipisi, ndi luso lopangidwa ndi anthu.
Mulimonsemo, si zokhazo. Ngakhale panali chizolowezi choyambira pawokha, mayiko akunja akhala akuyeserera kwamakampani aku Taiwan. Lipoti la 2018 lochokera ku Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research lidayesa kuti ngakhale ntchito zantchito zaku Taiwan (R&D) zikuyimira 3.05% ya zotsatira zapadziko lonse (GDP) mu 2015, 0.06% yokha yazoyeserera za R & D zimathandizidwa ndi magwero osadziwika. Mofananamo, kuwunika kwa PWC kwa 2018 koyambira kwachilengedwe ku Taiwan kudawulula zakusowa kwamayiko akunja, pomwe 71% ya malo opezera ndalama kumakampani atsopano aku Taiwan opangidwa ndi msika wochepa kwambiri wakunyumba. Kafukufukuyu sanapeze chuma choti achite motero.
Awa ndi malo amodzi okha mwa omwe adatsitsimutsa mabungwe olimba pakati pa osewera aku Taiwan ndi US omwe angathandizire kuthana nawo. Makampani atsopano aku Taiwan akuwoneka kuti akufulumira kutulutsa malingaliro akunja, kuti apeze ndalama komanso kulowa m'mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi.
Pakadali pano, kusintha kwamakina ndi zovuta zandale zochokera ku Beijing zili ndi zoopsa zina mtsogolo mwa kupita patsogolo ku Taiwan.
Mwa njira imodzi, malingaliro aku China mpaka pano adatsekereza Taiwan pakupanga makina amakanema ndi mabizinesi pokhudzana ndi mayendedwe, kusinthana, kapena machitidwe ena ogwirizana ndi maboma azigawo, makamaka m'maiko aku Southeast Asia omwe ndi zigawo zazikulu za East Asia kusonkhanitsa makina ochezera.
Kwina, kusungidwa kwa mphamvu kudutsa Taiwan Strait kwakhala kuyesa kotsimikizika kwa makampani aku Taiwan. Kuyambira 2017, Beijing yakhala ikuyang'ana kuti iwonjezere makampani ake opangira nyumba, makamaka pozunza talente yochokera ku Taiwan. Lipoti lina lakumapeto kwa malingaliro akuti akatswiri opitilira 3,000 a semiconductor achoka ku Taiwan kupita kumaudindo m'mabungwe aku China, chiwerengero chomwe chingapitirirepo pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi mwa omanga nyumba pafupifupi 10 aku Taiwan omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi semiconductor R&D.
Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuti Taiwan ibwerere kuzofunikira ngati zingatsimikizire kuti ipita patsogolo.
Chimodzi mwazinthu izi ziphatikizira kufufuziratu za nyengo yakunyumba ku Taiwan kuti mutsimikizire payipi yokhazikika yopanga maluso. Komabe, Taiwan iyeneranso kuthana ndi zoyambitsa zingapo ndi malingaliro omwe, mzaka khumi zapitazi, adasokoneza mwayi wopita patsogolo mwayi.
Zina mwazofunikira kwambiri ndikupitilizabe kukhazikitsa zida zachitukuko ku Taiwan mozungulira zida, ngakhale momwe ntchito zomwe zikubwera komanso zoyambira zomwe zikubwera zikudziwikiratu pang'onopang'ono pakupanga zida zamagetsi. Palibe kukayika kuti zida zitha kugwirabe ntchito pamsewu wofananawo - mwachitsanzo, kudzera mu tchipisi tomwe timapangidwira kuti tigwire bwino ntchito zopangidwa ndi anthu (AI) makamaka AI pazinthu zokhudzana ndi m'mphepete. Komabe, nthawi yotsatira yosintha kwa chip ikugwira ntchito, ndipo mayanjano ndi njira zothandizira kufufuza, kupanga, ndi kuyesa zida izi ndizofunikira.
Ngati Taiwan ingatsimikizire za mapulani ake-komanso zomwe omwe akuchita nawo-pomwe akuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi zilolezo kuchokera kuziphuphu ndi kuba, zitha kuwonekeranso ngati gawo lofunikira pamaukadaulo apadziko lonse lapansi kuti athe kukonza bwino msika wamtsogolo. Pakadali pano, m'malo osiyanasiyana a AI (monga kupita patsogolo kwamphamvu kwa AI, mwachitsanzo, ma drones), kukwaniritsa pakukonzekera mapulogalamu ndi zida zatsopanozi kudzakhala cholinga chofunikira chopatukana mumipikisano yapadziko lonse lapansi yopindulitsa.
Njira ina yotsitsimutsira ndikutsimikizira kuti chitukuko ku Taiwan chikhala chofunikira ndikufika pamsika m'malo mwa maluso ofufuza. Komabe poganizira kuti Taiwan, yomwe ili ndi anthu mamiliyoni 23 okha, siyimapereka msika wokwanira kuthandiza chilichonse, ikuyang'ana kudera lakumaloko malinga ndi gawo lachitatu lazamalonda pomwe kukulitsa mayanjano apadziko lonse lapansi ndizofunikira kukwaniritsa sikelo.
Njira zabwino kwambiri zamsika mwina ndizomwe zingateteze msika wodziyimira payokha. Izi zimaphatikizira magawo amabizinesi opatsidwa mphamvu ndi AI m'magawo kuchokera ku bioinformatics kupita kuchipatala, intaneti ya Zinthu (IoT) kupita ku inshuwaransi yoyambira, ndipo, monga zikuyembekezeredwa, kuchuluka kwa makalata ndi makalata.
Kuthamanga, kudumphadumpha kwazidziwitso, ndi chitetezo m'mphepete kudzakhala kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa anthu omwe akhala apainiya m'malo awa.
Padzakhala njira yolimba yanzeru pakupanga kupindula. Mulimonsemo, kuyika njirazi pamisika yayikulu m'mabizinesi atsopanowa ikhala masewera ofulumira. Zipangizo zomwe zingalimbikitse kupanga - komanso kusonkhanitsa komweko - kuphatikiza silicon-kapena bio-substrate, zikhala zachangu kuti zitsimikizire chitukuko chokhazikika komanso chapakatikati pakatalika.
Mwamwayi, pakhala zochitika zabwino ku Taiwan posachedwa kuti tiwunikenso gawo la mavutowa.
Ponena za nkhawa, oyang'anira ku Taiwan adayambitsa bizinesi ya "Asia Silicon Valley" ku 2016, yokhala ndi maziko ku Taoyuan komanso mtengo wotsika kuchokera ku bungwe la Purezidenti Tsai Ing-wen la madola 11.3 biliyoni a New Taiwan ($ 350 miliyoni).
Mwa zina zomwe zidachitika pantchitoyi, akuluakulu aboma adathandizira magulu oyambitsa ku Taiwan kuti adzaike miyezi ingapo ku Silicon Valley, makamaka ndi othandizira ofikira ku Valley. Mothandizidwa ndi maupangiri ochokera kwa omwe akufulumizitsa, maguluwa atha kutenga zomwe akudziwa pamsika waku America. Izi zitha kupanga kusintha kwa zinthu zawo, maulamuliro, ndi mapulani awo. Momwemonso amalumikizana mwachindunji ndi ogula ndi ogula kupitilira Taiwan komwe. Nthawi zosankha, apeza anzawo aku US komanso owaganizira mabungwe awo.
Komanso, olamulira aboma adalandila njira zakukonzanso njira zoyambira zachilengedwe ku Taiwan mu February 2018.7 Makonzedwe awa amaphatikizira kuthandizira boma mabizinesi atsopano kuti azitha kutenga nawo mbali pantchito zofulumizitsa padziko lonse lapansi komanso kuwulula ntchito, monganso zomwe zimapangitsa kuti boma ligulitse kuchokera kumakampani atsopano ndikusintha kovomerezeka ku malangizo oyang'anira kulembetsa kwa anthu omwe sadziwa zambiri.
M'mbuyomu oyang'anira awa adathandizira zoyeserera, mulimonsemo, othandizira achinsinsi komanso "opanga zachilengedwe" nawonso adakhalapo.
Mtundu umodzi ndi bwalo lamasewera loyambira ku Taipei, lomwe limapereka misasa yophunzitsira ndi mabungwe ena ophunzitsira omwe akulozera kuthandiza makampani atsopano am'deralo kupeza zidziwitso zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi machitidwe abwino, ndikuwachititsanso kuti ayesere kukwera misika yapadziko lonse lapansi. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zili m'chigawo cha fintech, pomwe bwaloli la Startup lalumikiza kuchuluka kwamabizinesi atsopano aku fintech aku Taiwan kumagulu azachuma komanso apadziko lonse lapansi.
Taiwan imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamayiko ofunikira kwambiri pankhani yaukadaulo ndipo chifukwa chomwe chikuchititsa izi ndikukula kwachitukuko cha dzikolo. Amaganizira kwambiri za chitukuko cha mapulogalamu ndi mapulogalamu. Akugwira ntchitoyi kwa zaka zitatu zapitazi. Kampaniyi imadziwikanso kuti ndi kampani yopanga ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yomwe imayikidwa ndi Thomson Reuters Corporation. Komabe Foxconn ndi amodzi mwamakampani otsogola pankhani zamagetsi ndi tchipisi. Kampaniyi imapereka tchipisi ndi matekinoloje amagetsi kumabizinesi ena akulu padziko lapansi monga Apple, Microsoft, Google, ndi makampani ena ambiri.
Onse akonzeka kukhazikitsa zina mwamaukadaulo akulu mu machitidwe a AI ndi mapulogalamu ena. Mwa ichi, achinyamata adziko lawo akupereka zopereka zawo zokwanira ndipo ngakhale onse akubwera kudzasintha. Boma lidapanganso kosi yapadera ya ophunzirawo, yomwe idawathandiza kuti adziwe zambiri za IT ndikuifufuza.
Taiwan ikuyang'ana kwambiri pamalingaliro ndi malingaliro omwe angatsatire kuti akule gawo lake la IT ndipo gawo labwino kwambiri mdzikolo ndikuti boma ndi achichepere akuwathandiza mokwanira. Makampaniwa amalumikizana ndi makampani omwe adakula bwino ndipo afika patali mu gawo la IT kuti athe kupeza malingaliro ndikutsatira zinthuzo motsogola kuti awonjezere gawo lawo la IT. Komabe, Taiwan yakula gawo lake la IT koma ikuyesetsabe kuchita njira zingapo zomwe zingawathandize kukhala dziko lomwe limagwira ntchito iliyonse pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje apamwamba.
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